1. clothes, cloth, clothing 

clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 

2. amount, number 

amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞   a number of students 

3. sound, voice, noise 

sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 

4. cause, reason 

cause 指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 

5. exercise, exercises, practice 

exercise運動，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習（可數(shù)），practice（反復做的）練習 Practice makes perfect. 

6. officer, official 

officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer 

7. work, job 

二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job

8. cook, cooker 

cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook. 

9. problem, question 

problem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用 

10. a number of, the number of 

a number of許多，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken 

二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious. 

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage 

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 

13. in front of, in the front of 

in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy. 

14. three of us, the three of us 

three of us我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us我們三個（就三個人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 

15. by bus, on the bus 

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus. 

16. for a moment, for the moment 

for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed. 

17. in a word, in words 

in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right. 

18. in place of, in the place of 

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one. 

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea 

go to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea 

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher 

the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫(yī)生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is 

21. in office, in the office 

in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office. 

22. in charge of, in the charge of 

in charge of管理，負責照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question 

out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的 

24. a second, the second 

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day 

by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day. 

26. it, one 

it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 

27. none, nothing, no one 

none強調有多少，nothing, no one強調有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人　--- How many…/How much…? --- None. 

28. other, another 

other后接名詞復數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student 

29. not a little, not a bit 

not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I m not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。 

30. many, much, a lot of 

many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven t many books. 

31. no, not 

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 

32. no more than, not more than 

no more than相當于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過 

33. tall, high 

tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall. 

34. fast, quickly 

fast側重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 

35. high, highly 

high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy 

sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I m sleepy. 

37. respectful, respectable 

respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing 

pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing. 

39. close, closely 

close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close

40. ill, sick 

ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 

41. good, well 

good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again. 

42. hard, hardly 

hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it. 

43. late, lately 

late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven t seen him lately. 

44. living, alive, live, lively 

living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活潑的 all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting 

excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I m excited. The news is exciting. 

46. deep, deeply 

deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before 

before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long 

48. instead, instead of 

instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中He didn t see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 

49. too much, much too 

too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy 

50. raise, rise 

raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east. 

51. bring, take, carry, fetch 

bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk 

52. spend, take, pay, cost 

spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主語，花時間; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢 

53. join, join in, take part in 

join加入某個組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動, join sb. in；take part in 參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for 

leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai. 

55. used to, be used to 

used to過去常常，be used to習慣于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用來，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat 

win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them 

57. live on, live by 

live on以…為主食，live by靠…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing 

58. lose, miss 

lose失去（具體的物體），錯過 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，錯過sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from 

be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因為…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for 

care about關心，計較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for關心，照料，喜歡，愿意 He doesn t care about his clothes. I don t care for movies.

61. feed, raise 

feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to)， raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family 

62. mean to do, mean doing 

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味著 By this I mean giving the students more practice. 

67. die from, die of 

die from表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 

68. pay for, pay back, pay off 

pay for為…付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，pay off還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 

69. arrive, get, reach 

arrive不及物動詞，后接in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get不及物動詞后接to，reach及物動詞 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 

70. manage, try 

manage to do設法做成了某事，try to do盡力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed. 

71. be familiar to, be familiar with 

be familiar to某物對某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I m familiar with the book. 

72. agree with, agree to, agree on 

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上達成一致意見，主語是復數(shù) agree with you, agree to the plan 

73. receive, accept 

receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn t accept it. 

74. wear, put on, dress 

wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進行時，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動作 It s cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. 

75. listen, hear 

listen強調動作，hear強調結果 I listened, but I heard nothing. 

76. look, see, watch 

look看的動作，see看的結果，watch強調所看物體的變化、移動和發(fā)展watch TV 

77. lie, lay 

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book 

78. hurt, injure, wound 

hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰(zhàn)爭中受傷 He was wounded in the war. 

79. turn, get, grow 

turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強調變的結果，grow強調過程，逐漸的變化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big 

80. happen, take place 

happen偶然性的沒有預料到的事情的發(fā)生，take place必然性的發(fā)生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 

81. at, in (表地點) 

at小地點，in大地點 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai 

82. increase to, increase by 

increase to增長到…，increase by增長了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000. 

83. since, for (完成時間狀語) 

since接點時間或一句話，for接一段時間 for three years, since 3:00 

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth 

on earth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth 

85. in surprise, to one s surprise

in surprise驚奇地，to one s surprise使某人吃驚的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky 

in the air正在醞釀中，on the air播送，廣播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight. 

87. through, across 

through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way 

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way擋路 The chair is in the way. 

89. above, on, over 

above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill 

90. until, not…until 

until到…為止， not…until直到…才（常跟點動詞連用）I waited until 3:00. He didn t come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for 

besides除了…還（包括在內）except除了（不包括在內），except for整體…除了某一點以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 

92. weather, if 

當是否解時，只有在賓語從句中二者可以互換，其余都用weather，當如果解時用if I don t know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I ll let you know. 

93. because, since, as, for 

原因由強到弱為：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn t go.

94. when, as, while (表時間) 

when從句動詞點動詞，持續(xù)性動詞均可，as重在表示動作同時發(fā)生，伴隨進行，while從句動詞為持續(xù)性動詞 While I slept, a thief broke in. 

95. the same…as, the same…that 

the same…as和…一樣的（相似但不同一）， the same…that 同一物體 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支筆) 

96. as well, as well as 

as well也，常放于句末，和and連用表示既…又；as well as并列連詞，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that 

such…as像…樣的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him. 

99. because, because of 

because連詞，連接兩句話，because of介詞短語，后接詞或短語 He didn t go to school because of his illness. 

100. in order that, in order to 

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接動詞原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.