日期:2023-09-20 09:49 點擊:
為了強調、突出某種意思,為了強調句子的某一部分,會用到強調結構。籠統(tǒng)的說,強調結構可以分為口語和書面語兩種強調結構。
1 口語的強調
口語中強調比較簡單,主要是通過重讀來實現的。如下句:
Tom never goes to the cinema.
1) 要強調Tom而不是別人從不去影院,會重讀TOM,從而形成
'TOM never goes to the cinema.
2) 要強調Tom從不去影院,而不是去其他地方,會重讀the CINEMA,從而形成
Tom never goes to the 'CINEMA.
1) 而要強調Tom從不NEVER去影院,會重讀NEVER,從而形成
TOM 'NEVER goes to the cinema.
相對要簡單很多。
2 書面語的強調
一般我們所說的強調,指的是書面語的強調。常用的就是強調句、倒裝等一些特殊句式。
1
強調句句型的種類及句型
⒈ 陳述句的強調句型:It is/ was + 被強調部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+ that/ who(當強調主語且主語指人)+ 其他部分。
如:It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
⒉ 一般疑問句的強調句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。如:Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
⒊ 特殊疑問句的強調句型:被強調部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?如:When and where was it that you were born?
⒋ 強調句例句:針對I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子進行強調。① 強調主語:It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
② 強調賓語:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.③ 強調地點狀語:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.④ 強調時間狀語:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.⑤注意:構成強調句的it本身沒有詞義;強調句中的連接詞一般只用that、who,即使在強調時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此,that, who不可省略;強調句中的時態(tài)只用兩種,一般現在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時,用It was…,其余的時態(tài)用It is…
2
not … until … 句型的強調句
⒈ 句型為:It is/ was not until + 被強調部分 + that + 其他部分如:普通句:He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.如:強調句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
⒉ 注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是強調句型,till, until可通用;因為句型中It is/ was not …… 已經是否定句了,that后面的從句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。
3
謂語動詞的強調
⒈ It is/ was …… that …… 結構不能強調謂語,如果需要強調謂語時,用助動詞do/ does或did.如:Do sit down. 務必請坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實給你寫了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時,務必(千萬)要小心啊!
⒉ 注意:此種強調只用do/ does和did,沒有別的形式;過去時用did,后面的謂語動詞用原形。
4
強調句的疑問句
⒈ 強調結構的疑問形式:強調一般疑問句中的某一成分時,要在主句中用一般疑問句的順序。
如:Was it you that/who broke the window?
Was it in the war that he lost his son?
⒉ 強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞,其結構模式是:“疑問詞+is/was+it +that。”它同感嘆句的強調模式極其相似,首先將疑問句開頭的部分作為強調部分,套入強調結構,然后再將其變?yōu)橐蓡柧洹?/span>
如:Where were you born?
→Where was it that you were born?
What did you want to see?
→What was it that you wanted to see?
How many people are being trained for the special work?
→How many people is it that are being trained for the special work?
5
強調句型中的主謂一致
⒈ 被強調的成分為原句的主語時,that/who之后的謂語動詞應與被強調的名詞或代詞在人稱和數方面保持一致關系,從而選用恰當的動詞形式。
如:It is you who/that are wrong.
It is I who/that am answering the question.
⒉ 但是如果被強調的部分是人稱代詞,按理應用人稱代詞主格形式,但在口語或非正式文體中也可以用其賓格形式,此時that/who的謂語動詞要用單數第三人稱形式is或was。
如:It is me who is being asked the favor.
⒊ 另在Itis/was…,not…that…句型中,其謂語動詞應與肯定部分的詞保持一致關系。
如:It is my brother,not I that studies in that school.
It is you,not your sister that are in charge of the company.
6
感嘆句的強調結構
既要體現強調句型的形式特征,又要體現感嘆句的自然語序。
如:How happy he looks!→How happy it is that he looks!
What a clever boy he is!→What a clever boy that he is!
思源教育(原上海交大思源進修學院,簡稱思源教育)成立于1996年,自建校以來,秉承校訓,提供專業(yè)的高考高復、三校生高復、藝考生文化課等,學生遍及全市各區(qū),至今已幫助六萬多余名學子取得優(yōu)異成績,成功考入理想的各級院校!20余年來思源已成為“中考教學研究中心”、“中學個性化學習教育基地”、“快速學習法”實驗學校。
62932552/62932882 思源中高考學習中心
(詳情請點擊) 徐匯區(qū)華山路1988號匯銀大廈北樓619400-678-9493 思源教育龍漕路校區(qū)
(詳情請點擊) 徐匯區(qū)龍漕路223號思源教育32035781/62581699 徐匯三校生高復校區(qū)
(詳情請點擊) 徐匯區(qū)廣元西路12號(工商銀行隔壁)