日期:2022-11-11 10:43 點擊:
一. There is no句型
1. There is no doing 結(jié)構(gòu)。其意為“不可能…”、“無法…”:
There’s no denying the fact. 這一事實不容否認。
There is no getting over the difficulty. 這困難無法克服。
There is no knowing what he will do next. 無法知道他下一步要干什么。
There was no telling when she would be back。沒法知道她什么時候回來。
2. There is no difficulty in doing sth結(jié)構(gòu)。意為“做某事沒有困難”:
There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的辦公室沒費一點勁。
There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 執(zhí)行這項計劃沒什么困難。
3. There’s no doubt of sth. / dong sth / that … 結(jié)構(gòu)。意為“毫無疑問…”:There is no doubt of his success. 毫無疑問他一定會成功。
There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this country. 毫無疑問他是這個國家最優(yōu)秀的作家之一。
4. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意為“不用急(于做某事)”:
There’s no hurry to return the book. 現(xiàn)在不急于還書。
There’s no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不用趕時間,要慢慢細心地做。
5.There’s no need ( for sb. ) to do sth. …結(jié)構(gòu)。其意為“不需要或不必要…”:
There is no need for help. 不需要幫助。
There is no need for you to go. 你沒有必要去。
6. There is no sense in doing sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。意為“做某事沒有道理或好處”:
There’s no sense in criticizing him. 批評他也沒有用。
There’s no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小時是不沒有道理的。
7. There’s no point in doing sth 句式。意為“做某事沒有用”:
There’s no point (in) telling her about is. 告訴她沒有用。
There’s no point in wasting time. 耗時間沒用。
【注】以上有的結(jié)構(gòu)中的no根據(jù)情況也可換成其他限定詞:
There is some difficulty in doing sth意為“做某事有些困難”。
There is much difficulty in doing sth意為“做某事許多困難”。
There’s a need for…意為“需要或有必要…”。
二. prefer句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例:I prefer to stay at home.
(2) prefer doing sth
例:I prefer playing in defence.
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例:Would you prefer me to stay?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……寧愿…...而不愿.…".
例句:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例:I prefer watching football to playing it.
(6) prefer sth to sth
例:I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。
三. seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that從句
例:It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
(2) It seems to sb that ---
例:It seems to me that she is right.
(3) There seems to be ----
例:There seems to be a heavy rain.
(4) It seems as if ----
例:It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
四. 相差/增加(了/到……)
表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型:
(1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us. 我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他們把價格上漲了50%
五.too句型
(1) too...to do sth.
例:Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.
(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
(2) can't … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過
例:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
六. 感嘆句型
(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!
例:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
(2) How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)
例:How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
(3) How + S + V!
例句:How I want to go to Beijing!
七.情態(tài)動詞句型(含否定)
should ,would, could, might, ought to完成時,表示過去本該做,打算做,想做而未做的事情.
1.should have done =ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做而沒做
2.would have done = 本來就會去做某事而沒做
3.could have done = 本可以做某事而沒做
4.might have done 本可以做而沒做
例:They ought to have apologized. 他們本該道歉的。
5. must have done sth 一定做過某事
否定形式:can't / couldn’t have done
例:She must have come here last night.
She can't have gone there
6. may have done sth 可能做過某事
否定形式:may not have done
例:Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
7.might have done sth 或許做過某事 否定形式: might not have done
例:She might have known what the bottle contained.
8.should have done sth 估計已經(jīng)做了某事
否定形式:should not have done
例:She should have arrived in her office by now.
八.動詞不定式句型
(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/將花多長時間/多少錢做某事.
例句:It took me years of hard work to speak good English.
(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth
例:It was careless of Tom to break the cup.
(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……別無選擇.
例句:We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus.
(4) It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行為不/正像某人的一貫作風.
例:lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life.
(5) …形容詞/副詞+enough to do sth.
例:I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa..
(6) It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
例句:It pays to help others.
(7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth
例:It must cost a good deal to live here.住這兒一定會花很多錢的。
(8) do all he could to do sth
do what he could to do sth
do everything he could to do sth
例:They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland.
(9) It is hard to imagine/ say … 很難想象/說……
例:It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.
It's hard to say whether the plan is practical.
九. 動名詞常用句型
(1) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困難做某事)
例:People from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
(2) upon/on doing sth, 一……就……
例:Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn't say a word.
(3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.
例:There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.
(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry in doing sth
例:There is no need in sending such expensive present.
(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth
例:They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.
(6) It's no use / good/ worth doing sth
例:It’s no use talking with him. He won’t listen to you.
(7) It's a waste of time/money/energy doing
例:It's a waste of time watching TV programme as this.
十. since 句型
(1) Since + S + 過去式,S + 現(xiàn)在完成式
例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自從他上高中,他一直很用功。
(2) It is + --- + since S +持續(xù)性謂語動詞(表否定)
例:It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住這兒了。
(3) It is / has been + --- + since S + 瞬間謂語動詞(表肯定)
例:It is years since I stopped smoking).我戒煙已經(jīng)數(shù)年了。
十一. more ... than 句型
(1) more --- than 與其……不如……
例:He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.
(2) more than 超過;不僅僅是;非常
例:These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together.
(3) not more than 最多,不超過
例:They finished the project in not more than one year.
(4) no more than 僅僅
例:The officials could see no more than the Emperor.
十二 .感嘆句what句型
What +名詞+ 陳述語序
What+a+形容詞+名詞+ 陳述語序
What+ 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳述語序
What+ 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+陳述語序
具體說來,表達強烈情緒(喜、怒、哀、樂、驚、恐等)的句子叫做感嘆句,強烈情緒的表達通常有下列三種方式:
(a)使用感嘆詞;
(b)只用情緒感覺的語詞,例如: Water! Water! Quick!?。ㄋ?!水!快!——如救火或救人時。)
What taste!?。ㄟ@是什么味道??!——如吃到怪味時)
(c)使用“How…!”或“What(a)…!”的句式,例如:
How beautiful you are, Helen!
海倫,你是多么美!
What a beautiful flower it is!
這一朵花多么美!
本句式的主語動詞也可以省去以突顯情緒的強烈感,例如:
How cruel(they are)!
真是慘絕人寰!——如聽到綁票的撕票案等。
How beautiful (these flowers are )! 這些花多美??!
(d)使用簡短的陳述句配合音調(diào)也可以表達感嘆,例如:
You are kidding!
你在開玩笑!——表示驚訝
I love you
我愛你!——表示喜歡
I hate you!?。ㄎ液弈?!——表示憤怒或絕望
一、用 what 引導的感嘆句有三種句式,此時, what 為形容詞,用作定語,修飾它后面的名詞或名詞詞組。
1. What +a / an + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!例如:
What a fine day it is?。ǘ嗝春玫奶鞖獍。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
What an old building that is?。鞘且粭澏嗝雌婆f的樓房?。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
2. What + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式+主語+謂語!例如:
What good teachers they are!
(他們是多么好的老師?。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
What beautiful flowers these are?。ㄟ@些是多么美麗的花?。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
3. What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!例如:
What thick ice we are having here!(我們這兒的冰多厚?。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
What round bread it is?。ㄟ@是一塊多么圓的面包?。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
二、用 how 開頭的感嘆句也有三種句式,此時, how 是副詞,用作狀語,修飾后面的形容詞、副詞或動詞。
4. How +形容詞+主語+謂語!
例如:
How hot it is today!今天天氣多熱啊!
How beautiful the flowers are!
這些花多么美麗?。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
5. How +副詞+主語+謂語!
例如:
How hard he works!
他工作多么努力??!
How well she sings!
她歌唱得多好??!
6. How + 主語+謂語!
例如:
How she dances?。ㄋ杼枚嗪冒。。?br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />
注意:what 和 how 引起的感嘆句,在口語中??梢允÷灾髡Z、謂語或其它句子成分。例如:
How cold ( it is ) !What a good girl!What delicious fish
十三 . It句型
1. It is + 被強調(diào)部分 + that ...
該句型是強調(diào)句型。將被強調(diào)的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that 之后。被強調(diào)部分可以是主語,賓語,表語或狀語。強調(diào)的主語如果是人,that 可以由 who 換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后,應(yīng)該是一個完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
It was in the street that I met her father.
2. It is not until + 被強調(diào)部分 + that ...
該句型也是強調(diào)句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語,譯成漢語 “直到……才……”,可以說是 not ... until ... 的強調(diào)形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain…) that …
該句型中it 是形式主語,真正的主語是 that 引導的主語從句,常譯為 “ 清楚(顯然,真的,肯定……)”是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。
It is very clear that he's round and tall like a tree.
= That he's round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ...
該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同,that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣(should + 動詞原形),should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned…) that …
該句型中的it 仍是形式主語,真正主語是 that 引導的主語從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“ 據(jù)說(據(jù)報道,據(jù)悉……)”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit
6. It is suggested ( ordered, required ... ) that ...
該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求,建議,命令等詞時,that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣(should + 動詞原形),should 可以省。常譯為“ 據(jù)建議;有命令……)”。
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...
該句型中,that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣(should + 動詞原形),should 可省去.表示出乎意料,常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時,則不用虛擬語氣。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上,真是遺憾!
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了,真遺憾!
8. It is time ( about time , high time ) that ...
該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣,值得注意的是① 常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬.② 有時也用should + 動詞原形,should 不能省。常譯為“是(正是)……的時侯……”。
It is time that children should go to bed.
= It is time that children went to bed.
9. It / This is the first ( second … ) time (that) …
該句型要和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣,而用完成時態(tài)。至于用什么完成時態(tài),由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時,后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài);如果是一般過去時,后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去;it 有時用 this 替換,常譯為“是第一(二)……次……”。
It is the first time I have been here.
= This is the first time I have been here.
10. It is … since ...
該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時,又要和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時間作表語,其時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或完成時,since 引導的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài),而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時,從句則用過去完成時。
It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is ... when ...
該句型中的 when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句,主句中的 it 指時間,表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為“當……的時候,是……”。
It was 5 o'clock when he came here.
12. It be ... before ...
該句型主句中的 it 指時間, 主句中的時態(tài)常是將來一般時或過去時兩種時態(tài).主句中的表語多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時間段的詞或短語。常譯為“……過了多久之后就 / 才……”。
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens that...
該句型中it是形式主語,that 引導的是主語從句,主句中的happen是不及物動詞.
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧……
14. It takes sb. … to do sth.
該句型中的不定式是真正的主語,it是形式主語,句型中的直接賓語是時間。常譯為“做……要花費某人……”。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語,主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )?! ?/span>
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn't matter whether...
該句型中whether 引導的從句是真正主語,該句型常譯為“不論(是否)…… 沒關(guān)系……。
It doesn't matter whether they are old (or not).
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語,如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 of 引起,主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。
常見的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教養(yǎng)的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (錯誤的)等。這個句型可以改寫為:sb. is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
該句型與上一個同屬一個句型。不定式的邏輯主語由for 引起,形容詞通常表示重要性,緊迫性,頻繁程度,難易,安全等情況。
常見的形容詞有:
① important, necessary, natural
② easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, impossible, pleasant 等。
如:It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party
19. It seems/appears that 看來……
It seems/appears that he will be back in a few days.
It looks ( seems ) as if ...該句型中it 無意義。
as if 引導一個狀語從句。常譯為,“看起來好像…… "如果與事實不相符合,則用虛擬語氣.
It looks as if he is ill.(真的病了)
It seemed as if he were dying.(虛擬語氣)
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思源教育(原上海交大思源進修學院,簡稱思源教育)成立于1996年,自建校以來,秉承交大校訓,依托名校師資,提供專業(yè)的托班輔導、青少年英語輔導、小學輔導、初中輔導、高中輔導、高考高復(fù)、三校生高復(fù)、藝考生文化課等,學生遍及全市各區(qū),至今已幫助六萬多余名學子取得優(yōu)異成績,成功考入理想的各級院校!20余年來思源已成為“中考教學研究中心”、“中學個性化學習教育基地”、“快速學習法”實驗學校。
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