日期:2024-09-23 10:19 點(diǎn)擊:
There be 句型也叫“存在句”,表示“在某地/時(shí)有某物/人”。本節(jié)課我們要學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)句型的構(gòu)成、陳述句和疑問句的變化以及它與have的區(qū)別等。
一、 There be句型的構(gòu)成。
“There be +某物/某人+某地/某時(shí)”;此結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某地/某時(shí)有某人/某物”。句中的there是引導(dǎo)詞,沒有詞義;be是句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;“某人/物”是句子的主語(yǔ);因此這個(gè)句式其實(shí)是一個(gè)倒裝句。(即:謂語(yǔ)或者謂語(yǔ)的一部分提到主語(yǔ)前面的句式。)例如:
I am a student. 我是一個(gè)學(xué)生。(普通語(yǔ)序的句子)
There is a girl in the classroom. 教室里有一個(gè)女孩兒。(There be 句型)
二、There be句型用法。
1. There be句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
There be句型中,句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be,應(yīng)該和后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或者是不可數(shù)名詞的時(shí)候,be用is;如果句子的主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞的 復(fù)數(shù)形式,be用are。例如:
There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
There are some apples on the table. 桌子上有一些蘋果。
注意:如果有兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)和與它最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致,這叫就近原則。例如:
There is a bed and two chairs in the bedroom.
臥室里有一張床和兩把椅子。
2. There be句型的句式變化。
(1)否定句
There be句型的否定句是在連系動(dòng)詞be的后面直接加not。例如:
There is not a boy in the room. 房子里沒有一個(gè)男孩。
There isn’t any water in the bottle.瓶子里沒有一些水。
(2)一般疑問句
There be句型的一般疑問句是把連系動(dòng)詞be提到句子的開頭,要大寫。它的肯定回答是:Yes, there is/are. 否定回答是:No, there isn’t / aren’t. 例如:
-Are there any flowers in the garden? 花園里有一些花嗎?
-Yes, there are. 是的,有一些。
(3)特殊疑問句
There be句型的特殊疑問句是用“特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句”構(gòu)成的,有以下三種形式:
①對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問時(shí)用who或者what;主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)用who, 是物時(shí)用what。
其中there在口語(yǔ)中常常省略。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? 樹上有什么?
There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? 誰在房間里?
注意:無論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)其提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。
There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?
那邊有什么?
② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問:用 “Where is \ are + 主語(yǔ)?”表示(注意其答語(yǔ)變化)。例如:
There is a computer in my office. 我的辦公室有一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)。
→ -Where is the computer? 計(jì)算機(jī)在哪里?
-It’s in my office. 在我辦公室。
There are four children in the classroom. 教室里有四個(gè)孩子。
→-Where are the four children? 四個(gè)孩子在哪里?
-They’re in the classroom. 他們?cè)诮淌摇?/span>
③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問:一般有兩種提問方式, 如果主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞,無論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”;如果主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞,則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”。例如:
There are twelve months in a year. 一年有12個(gè)月。
→How many months are there in a year? 一年有多少個(gè)月?
There is only one book in my bag. 我的包里只有一本書。
→How many books are there in your bag? 你的包里有幾本書?
There is a cat in the box. 箱子里有一只貓。
→How many cats are there in the box? 箱子里有多少只貓?
There is some money in my purse. 我的錢包里有一些錢。
→How much money is there in your purse? 你的錢包里有多少錢?
拓展:There be句型的反意疑問句用“陳述部分+be(not)there?”。例如:
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?
花園里有一個(gè)漂亮的女孩,是嗎?
There are some books on the table, aren’t there?
桌子上有些書,是嗎?
She isn’t a student, is she?
她不是個(gè)學(xué)生,對(duì)嗎?
3. There be句型的各種時(shí)態(tài)。
There be句型的各種時(shí)態(tài)是由be的變化來體現(xiàn)的,例如:
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,be是am/is/are。
e.g. There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。
There are some flowers in the basket. 籃子里有些花。
一般過去時(shí)中,be是 was/were。
e.g. There was a bike under the tree just now. 剛才樹下有一輛自行車。
There were some students in the classroom last night. 昨天晚上教室里有些學(xué)生。
一般將來時(shí)中,be的前面要加上be going to / will, 此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)是is/are going to be或者will be。
e.g. There will be a match in our school tomorrow.
= There is going to be a match in our school tomorrow.
明天我們學(xué)校將要有一場(chǎng)比賽。
拓展:There be的中間可以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“可能有或者一定有”的意思。例如:
There may be a tiger in the forest.
樹林里可能有老虎。
There must be a boy crying in your room.
在你的房間里一定有一個(gè)男孩在哭。
There be句型中be動(dòng)詞在其它時(shí)態(tài)中的變化,我們可以在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中繼續(xù)總結(jié)。
Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)選擇。
1. There ______ a book and three pencils on the desk.
A. be
B. is
C. are
D. am
2. _______ there a new bike in front of our classroom?
A. Is
B. Are
C. Do
D. Does
3. There ______ any books on your desk.
A. aren’t
B. isn’t
C. don’t
D. doesn’t
4. ______ _______ apples are there on the table? There are four.
A. How much
B. How many
C. How large
D. How big
5. ______ ________ milk is there in the bottle? There is little.
A. How many
B. How old
C. How far
D. How much
6. ______ your father _____ a new car?
A. Is; there
B. Are; there
C. Does; have
D. Do; has
7. ______ less milk in this bottle than in that one.
A. There have
B. There has
C. There is
D. There are
8. —Again, my computer doesn’t work.
— _______ must be something wrong with the CPU.
A. There
B. That
C. It
D. This
9. There ______ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening.
A. is going to be
B. is going to have
C. will have
D. are going to be
10. —There ______ no milk in the fridge. Could you got some for me, Dick?
— All right, Mum.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
【真題鏈接】
1. There isn’t food in the fridge.
A. some
B. an
C. a
D. any
2.—How many _______ are there on the table?
—Eighteen.
A. milk
B. milks
C. bottle of milk
D. bottles of milk
3.There are________ in a year and December is ________ of the year.
A.twelve month; the twelfth month
B.the twelfth month; twelve months
C.twelve months; twelfth month
D.twelve months; the twelfth month
Ⅱ. 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. There _______(be)many things over there.
2. There _______ (be) a little girl in the room.
3. _______ there any water on the moon?
4. _______ (be) there any pictures on the wall?
5. There _______ (be not) a bike behind the tree.
6. There ________ (be) a dictionary and two books on the desk.
7. There ________ (be) some juice in the glass.
Ⅲ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
1. There are some cars and buses on the street. (改為一般疑問句)
_______ there _______ cars or buses on the stress?
2. Is there a pay phone across from the library? (做否定回答)
No, _______ ________ .
3. There is a piece of paper on the table. (改為一般疑問句)
______ there ______ piece of paper on the table?
4. There are two pay phones in the neighborhood. (改為否定句)
There ________ two pay phones in the neighborhood?
5. There are 15 children in our class. (對(duì)劃線部分提問)
_______ ______ children _______ _______ in your class?
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